| Novice I learners of a second language generally have little to no ability to understand the second language in academic or social settings. | Novice II learners of a second language have the ability to understand simple high-frequency spoken words in the second language that are routinely used in the academic and social settings. | Intermediate learners of a second language have the ability to understand the second language used in academic and social settings with support. |
Students:
Struggle to understand simple conversations and simple discussions even when the topics are familiar and the speaker uses linguistic supports
Struggle to identify and distinguish individual words and phrases during social and instructional interactions that have not been intentionally modified
May not seek clarification in the second language when failing to comprehend the second language they hear; frequently remain silent, watching others for cues | Students:
Usually understand simple or routine directions, as well as,, short, simple conversations on familiar topics; when topics are unfamiliar, require extensive linguistic supports and adaptations
May identify and distinguish key words and phrases necessary to understand the general meaning during social and basic instructional interactions that have not been intentionally modified
Have the ability to seek clarification in the second language when failing to comprehend the second language they hear requiring/requesting the speaker to repeat, slow down, or rephrase speech | Students:
Usually understand longer,, more elaborated directions, conversations, and discussions on familiar and some unfamiliar topics, but sometimes depend on visuals, verbal cues, and gestures to support understanding
Often understand most main points, most important details, and some implicit information during social and basic instructional interactions that have not been intentionally modified
Occasionally require/request the speaker to repeat, slow down, or rephrase to clarify the meaning of the second language they hear |